Перший ветеринарний хаб

Dentistry of rodents and rabbits in Kyiv

The full and healthy development of a small pet is a whole complex of measures, in which veterinary dentistry for rodents and rabbits plays an important role.

Rodents can suffer from a wide range of dental problems, from tooth fracture to caries and periodontitis, but the vast majority of cases are associated with the lack of proper abrasion of the tooth surface and its elongation. It is with dental diseases that the appearance of such pathologies as refusal of food, exhaustion, skin diseases, abscesses in the muzzle area, impaired or complete lack of cleaning (self-care), impaired coprophagy (eating feces at night) is often associated.

The following diseases of the oral cavity and teeth in rodents and rabbits are common:

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Malocclusion

This is a pathology characterized by a violation of the correct contact between the teeth of the upper and lower jaw, as a result of which they cease to grind normally.

This pathology occurs for the following reasons:

Malocclusion can develop on both incisors and molars, and can be recognized by the following signs:

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Dentistry of rodents and rabbits

When mineral metabolism is disturbed, bone tissue weakens and the root part of the teeth enlarges. If on the lower jaw this can lead to their simple protrusion in the form of tubercles, then when the root part of the teeth of the upper jaw lengthens, the following can develop:

The main reasons are:

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Signs or symptoms:

Dacryocystitis

It is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac. Dacryocystitis can be the result of a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection and/or a foreign body. In addition, nasal trauma or neoplastic processes can lead to obstruction of the drainage apparatus. However, in rabbits, dacryocystitis is most often associated with dental disease. The nasolacrimal duct of rodents and rabbits follows a tortuous path from the inferior lacrimal punctum through the lacrimal and maxillary bones and has two sharp bends – proximal and distal, associated with narrowing of the canal. It passes close to the roots of both molars and incisors.
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Clinical signs:

  • Purulent discharge from the nasolacrimal duct is an important feature of dacryocystitis, but the discharge may vary from a watery white fluid, not unlike that sometimes seen in epiphora in rabbits, but more profuse, to a thick creamy white discharge, which is most common in dacryocystitis. The purulent exudate often causes and maintains secondary chronic conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and ulcerative keratitis.

  • Most often, we see secondary chronic conjunctivitis in dacryocystitis. The key feature of the investigation of such cases is to determine whether the discharge from the eyes is the result of localized primary conjunctivitis or, as is more common, the result of dacryocystitis. In dacryocystitis, the appearance of mucopurulent material may be noted directly from the lacrimal punctum or it may be evident by pressing with a finger on the lower eyelid. This will facilitate the discharge of a drop of pus even in early cases of dacryocystitis and is a correct indication that there is inflammation and infection lower down in the nasolacrimal duct and not simply in the conjunctival sac.

Also, it is observed:
Serious danger  development of purulent inflammation in tissues, with the formation of a cavity and the participation of anaerobic bacteria. In addition to the inflammatory process, pain, and development of intoxication, it can open inside, causing the development of septicemia (blood infection)

Abscesses

Clinical signs:
A rabbit’s teeth, namely maintaining them in a healthy state, are of great importance for the quality of life and health of the pet. When caring for a pet that has won your heart and become a pet, it is imperative to have your doctor at arm’s length! At first glance, it seems that there is no problem with chinchillas, squirrels, guinea pigs and other small rodents and rabbits. However, having a completely different anatomy and physiology from other animals, they require a special approach, special knowledge and skills from the veterinarian. In our clinic, a separate department has been created for the care of rodents and rabbits.

It is here that it is possible:

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Important! In rodents and rabbits, metabolism and general body processes work much faster than in other animals. Therefore, time plays an important role and can be decisive for the health of the little one.

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